In 2015, the Chinese government put forward the development plan of "made in China 2025", giving the robot an important position in development. In 2016, the state put forward the "robot industry development plan". In the planning, it was proposed that by 2020, robots would become an important support for the development of high-end manufacturing. In fact, the above plan only follows the new trend of the development of China's robot industry. Since the growth rate of industrial robots in China has been the highest in the world since 2013. From 2010 to 2015, the density of manufacturing robots in the world increased by 32%, while China increased by 230%, much higher than the world average. Based on this reality, today we have to think about such a problem." style="box-sizing: border-box">Industrial pipeline robot What impact will the rapid development bring to social employment?
Industrial pipeline robot What impact will the rapid development bring to social employment?
Just like hundreds of years ago, people feared that the industrial revolution would cause a large number of workers to lose their jobs. Worries about robots replacing people in productive labour can lead to large numbers of unemployed people. But history has proved that the new technological revolution has not led to the widespread unemployment of workers, but rather the division of social functions, so that the operation of the industry is more efficient. Under normal circumstances, the installation of a robot will inevitably reduce the demand for human resources. If the production efficiency is improved and the cost of production is reduced, enterprises will be able to expand the scale of production and create more jobs. Therefore, robots instead of people actually reduce the efficiency and low value-added jobs. Especially for those factories that are dirty, dangerous and labor intensive, there is a real need for robots to replace humans to accomplish tasks.
Since the industrial revolution, the development of industry is to achieve technological innovation driven by economic value, thereby reducing the demand for people by using advanced equipment and systems. The application of each new technology will reduce the direct manual labor input in the production process. The successful experience of manufacturing industry tells us that technological innovation will create more jobs in the service industry. In terms of the development of the robot industry, the large number of deployments and applications of the robot system have reduced the jobs with low technology content, but at the same time, they have created new jobs with high technology content and huge returns. For example, people need to be responsible for robot system maintenance and system programming. These new posts not only fully reflect the value of human beings, but also can be used for the development of the robot industry. People earn higher returns on wages.
In other words, better product quality and lower manufacturing cost will drive enterprises to expand the market, so that more people can buy products, thereby stimulating market demand. Just imagine, if the car is made by technology 50 years ago, then the reliability of the vehicle will be reduced and very expensive, which will naturally affect the sales opportunities and cause the whole market downturn. Look at the current production of mobile phones and tablet computers. If robots are not used to complete the processing and assembly, the cumbersome assembly process will cost a lot of manpower, resulting in the final production of products that can not be accepted by ordinary consumers because of the high price, thus impeding the development of the whole market.
There has always been a widespread view that robots affect employment. But the Harvard Business Review survey found that if a post is fully automated, the job will eventually disappear. But if this process is only partial, employment will actually increase as efficiency increases and may affect demand. During the period from 1995 to 2005, the IT revolution led to a 0.6% increase in labour productivity in Europe, the United States and Japan and an overall growth rate of 1%. This shows that if productivity is enough to boost demand, the result may be increased employment.
💎The research released by the International Federation of robotics in 2017 shows that every robot manufacturer produces and sells a robot to create 3.6 new jobs, which are distributed in the fields of R & D, production, supporting services, quality management and sales of robots, creating new employment opportunities for the market. 𒁏This shows that there is no inherent antagonism between "robots stifling employment" and "robots creating employment", but the former focuses on shorter and more specific cases, while the latter has broader vision.
